There is no single date. The ESPR is a framework regulation; each product category must wait for its own delegated act to be adopted, and then has at least 18 months before becoming mandatory. According to the current work plan: steel in 2026, aluminum/textiles/tires in 2027, furniture in 2028 for the adoption of delegated acts. The only date already confirmed is the Battery Passport: February 18, 2027.
Full explanation and HS code list: https://patisco.com/zh/eu-check/digital-product-passport Check which EU regulations apply to your products using HS codes: https://patisco.com/zh/eu-check